About

Microsoft 365 & Microsoft Graph library for Python

Usage

1. Installation
2. Working with SharePoint API
3. Working with Outlook API
4. Working with OneDrive and SharePoint API v2 APIs
5. Working with Teams API
6. Working with OneNote API
7. Working with Planner API

Status

Installation

Use pip:

pip install Office365-REST-Python-Client

Note

Alternatively the latest version could be directly installed via GitHub:

pip install git+https://github.com/vgrem/Office365-REST-Python-Client.git

Authentication

For the following examples, relevant credentials can be found in the Azure Portal.

Steps to access:

1. Login to the home page of the Azure Portal
2. Navigate to "Azure Active Directory" using the three bars in the top right corner of the portal
3. Select "App registrations" in the navigation panel on the left
4. Search for and select your relevant application
5. In the application's "Overview" page, the client id can be found under "Application (client) id"
6. In the application's "Certificates & Secrets" page, the client secret can be found under the "Value" of the "Client Secrets." If there is no client secret yet, create one here.

Working with SharePoint API

The ClientContext client provides the support for a legacy SharePoint REST and OneDrive for Business REST APIs, the list of supported versions:

• SharePoint 2013 REST API and above
• SharePoint Online REST API
• OneDrive for Business REST API

Authentication

The following auth flows are supported:

1. Using a SharePoint App-Only principal (client credentials flow)

This auth method is compatible with SharePoint on-premises and still relevant model in both SharePoint on-premises as SharePoint Online, the following methods are available:

• ClientContext.with_credentials(client_credentials)
• ClientContext.with_client_credentials(client_id, client_secret)

Usage:

client_credentials = ClientCredential('{client_id}','{client_secret}')
ctx = ClientContext('{url}').with_credentials(client_credentials)

Documentation:

• Granting access using SharePoint App-Only
• wiki

Example: connect_with_app_principal.py

2. Using username and password

Usage:

user_credentials = UserCredential('{username}','{password}')
ctx = ClientContext('{url}').with_credentials(user_credentials)

Example: connect_with_user_credential.py

3. Using an Azure AD application (certificate credentials flow)

Documentation:

• Granting access via Azure AD App-Only
• wiki

Example: connect_with_client_certificate.py

4. Interactive

to login interactively i.e. via a local browser

Prerequisite:

In Azure Portal, configure the Redirect URI of your "Mobile and Desktop application" as http://localhost.

Example: connect_interactive.py

Usage:

from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
ctx = ClientContext(site_url).with_interactive(tenant_name_or_id, client_id)
me = ctx.web.current_user.get().execute_query()
print(me.login_name)

Examples

There are two approaches available to perform API queries:

1. ClientContext class - where you target SharePoint resources such as Web, ListItem and etc (recommended)

from office365.runtime.auth.user_credential import UserCredential
from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
site_url = "https://{your-tenant-prefix}.sharepoint.com"
ctx = ClientContext(site_url).with_credentials(UserCredential("{username}", "{password}"))
web = ctx.web
ctx.load(web)
ctx.execute_query()
print("Web title: {0}".format(web.properties['Title']))

or alternatively via method chaining (a.k.a Fluent Interface):

from office365.runtime.auth.user_credential import UserCredential
from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
site_url = "https://{your-tenant-prefix}.sharepoint.com"
ctx = ClientContext(site_url).with_credentials(UserCredential("{username}", "{password}"))
web = ctx.web.get().execute_query()
print("Web title: {0}".format(web.properties['Title']))

2. RequestOptions class - where you construct REST queries (and no model is involved)

   The example demonstrates how to read Web properties:

import json
from office365.runtime.auth.user_credential import UserCredential
from office365.runtime.http.request_options import RequestOptions
from office365.sharepoint.client_context import ClientContext
site_url = "https://{your-tenant-prefix}.sharepoint.com"
ctx = ClientContext(site_url).with_credentials(UserCredential("{username}", "{password}"))
request = RequestOptions("{0}/_api/web/".format(site_url))
response = ctx.pending_request().execute_request_direct(request)
json = json.loads(response.content)
web_title = json['d']['Title']
print("Web title: {0}".format(web_title))

The list of examples:

• Working with files

  • download a file
  • upload a file

• Working with lists and list items

  • create a list item
  • read a list item
  • update a list item
  • delete a list item

Refer examples section for another scenarios

Support for non-standard SharePoint Online Environments

Support for non-standard SharePoint Environments is currently being implemented. Currently supported:

• GCC High

To enable authentication to GCC High endpoints, add the environment='GCCH' parameter when calling the ClientContext class with .with_user_credentials, .with_client_credentials, or .with_credentials

Example:

client_credentials = ClientCredential('{client_id}','{client_secret}')
ctx = ClientContext('{url}').with_credentials(client_credentials, environment='GCCH')

Working with Outlook API

The list of supported APIs:

• Outlook Contacts REST API
• Outlook Calendar REST API
• Outlook Mail REST API

Since Outlook REST APIs are available in both Microsoft Graph and the Outlook API endpoint, the following clients are available:

• GraphClient which targets Outlook API v2.0 version (preferable nowadays, refer transition to Microsoft Graph-based Outlook REST API for a details)
  - OutlookClient which targets Outlook API v1.0 version (not recommended for usage since v1.0 version is being deprecated.)

Authentication

The Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python which comes as a dependency is used as a default library to obtain tokens to call Microsoft Graph API.

Using Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python

Note: access token is getting acquired via Client Credential flow in the provided examples. Other forms of token acquisition can be found here: https://msal-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

import msal
from office365.graph_client import GraphClient

def acquire_token():
    """
    Acquire token via MSAL
    """
    authority_url = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant_id_or_name}'
    app = msal.ConfidentialClientApplication(
        authority=authority_url,
        client_id='{client_id}',
        client_credential='{client_secret}'
    )
    token = app.acquire_token_for_client(scopes=["https://graph.microsoft.com/.default"])
    return token


client = GraphClient(acquire_token)

But in terms of Microsoft Graph API authentication, another OAuth spec compliant libraries such as adal are supported as well.

Using ADAL Python

Usage

import adal
from office365.graph_client import GraphClient

def acquire_token_func():
    authority_url = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant_id_or_name}'
    auth_ctx = adal.AuthenticationContext(authority_url)
    token = auth_ctx.acquire_token_with_client_credentials(
        "https://graph.microsoft.com",
        "{client_id}",
        "{client_secret}")
    return token

client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)

Example

The example demonstrates how to send an email via Microsoft Graph endpoint.

Note: access token is getting acquired via Client Credential flow

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient

client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)

client.me.send_mail(
    subject="Meet for lunch?",
    body="The new cafeteria is open.",
    to_recipients=["fannyd@contoso.onmicrosoft.com"]
).execute_query()

Additional examples & scenarios:

• download a message
• list messages
• move messages to a different folder
• search messages
• send messages
• send messages with attachments
• enable sending emails on behalf of another user in your organization

Refer to examples section for other scenarios

Working with OneDrive and SharePoint v2 APIs

Documentation

OneDrive Graph API reference

Authentication

The Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python which comes as a dependency is used to obtain token

import msal

def acquire_token_func():
    """
    Acquire token via MSAL
    """
    authority_url = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant_id_or_name}'
    app = msal.ConfidentialClientApplication(
        authority=authority_url,
        client_id='{client_id}',
        client_credential='{client_secret}'
    )
    token = app.acquire_token_for_client(scopes=["https://graph.microsoft.com/.default"])
    return token

Examples

Example: list available drives

The example demonstrates how to enumerate and print drive's url which corresponds to list available drives endpoint

Note: access token is getting acquired via Client Credential flow

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient

tenant_name = "contoso.onmicrosoft.com"
client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)
drives = client.drives.get().execute_query()
for drive in drives:
    print("Drive url: {0}".format(drive.web_url))

Example: download the contents of a DriveItem(folder facet)

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient
client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)
# retrieve drive properties 
drive = client.users["{user_id_or_principal_name}"].drive.get().execute_query()
# download files from OneDrive into local folder 
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as path:
    download_files(drive.root, path)

where

def download_files(remote_folder, local_path):
    drive_items = remote_folder.children.get().execute_query()
    for drive_item in drive_items:
        if drive_item.file is not None:  # is file?
            # download file content
            with open(os.path.join(local_path, drive_item.name), 'wb') as local_file:
                drive_item.download(local_file).execute_query()

Additional examples:

• create list column
• download file
• export files
• upload folder
• list drives
• list files

Refer to OneDrive examples section for more examples.

Working with Microsoft Teams API

Authentication

The Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python which comes as a dependency is used to obtain token

Examples

Example: create a new team under a group

The example demonstrates how create a new team under a group which corresponds to Create team endpoint

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient
client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)
new_team = client.groups["{group_id}"].add_team().execute_query_retry()

Additional examples:

• create a team
• create team from group
• list all teams
• list my teams
• send messages

Refer to examples section for other scenarios

Working with Microsoft Onenote API

The library supports OneNote API in terms of calls to a user's OneNote notebooks, sections, and pages in a personal or organization account

Example: Create a new page

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient
client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)

files = {}
with open("./MyPage.html", 'rb') as f, \
    open("./MyImage.png", 'rb') as img_f, \
    open("./MyDoc.pdf", 'rb') as pdf_f:
    files["imageBlock1"] = img_f
    files["fileBlock1"] = pdf_f
    page = client.me.onenote.pages.add(presentation_file=f, attachment_files=files).execute_query()

Working with Microsoft Planner API

The example demonstrates how to create a new planner task which corresponds to Create plannerTask endpoint:

from office365.graph_client import GraphClient

client = GraphClient(acquire_token_func)
task = client.planner.tasks.add(title="New task", planId="--plan id goes here--").execute_query()

Third Party Libraries and Dependencies

The following libraries will be installed when you install the client library:

• requests
• Microsoft Authentication Library (MSAL) for Python