argclass 0.11.0

Secrets

Arguments reflecting some sensitive data, tokens or encryption keys, urls with passwords, when passed through environment variables or a configuration file, can be printed in the output of –help. To hide defaults, add the secret=True parameter, or use the special default constructor argclass.Secret instead of argclass.Argument.

import argclass


class HttpAuthentication(argclass.Group):
    username: str = argclass.Argument()
    password: str = argclass.Secret()


class HttpBearerAuthentication(argclass.Group):
    token: str = argclass.Argument(secret=True)


class Parser(argclass.Parser):
    http_basic = HttpAuthentication()
    http_bearer = HttpBearerAuthentication()


parser = Parser()
parser.print_help()

>>> import logging
>>> from argclass import SecretString
>>> logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
>>> s = SecretString("my-secret-password")
>>> logging.info(s)          # __str__ will be called from logging
>>> logging.info(f"s=%s", s) # __str__ will be called from logging too
>>> logging.info(f"{s!r}")   # repr is safe
>>> logging.info(f"{s}")     # the password will be compromised

Configs

The parser objects might be get default values from environment variables or one of passed configuration files.

class AddressPortGroup(argclass.Group):
    address: str = argclass.Argument(default="127.0.0.1")
    port: int


class Parser(argclass.Parser):
    spam: str
    quantity: int
    log_level: int = argclass.LogLevel
    http = AddressPortGroup(title="HTTP options")
    rpc = AddressPortGroup(title="RPC options")
    user_ids = argclass.Argument(
        type=int, converter=frozenset, nargs=argclass.Nargs.ONE_OR_MORE
    )


# Trying to parse all passed configuration files
# and break after first success.
parser = Parser(
    config_files=[".example.ini", "~/.example.ini", "/etc/example.ini"],
)
parser.parse_args()

In this case each passed and existent configuration file will be opened.

The root level arguments might described in the [DEFAULT] section.

Other arguments might be described in group specific sections.

So the full example of config file for above example is:

[DEFAULT]
log_level=info
spam=egg
quantity=100
user_ids=[1, 2, 3]

[http]
address=127.0.0.1
port=8080

[rpc]
address=127.0.0.1
port=9090

Subparsers

Complex example with subparsers:

import logging
from functools import singledispatch
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, Any

import argclass


class AddressPortGroup(argclass.Group):
    address: str = argclass.Argument(default="127.0.0.1")
    port: int


class CommitCommand(argclass.Parser):
    comment: str = argclass.Argument()


class PushCommand(argclass.Parser):
    comment: str = argclass.Argument()


class Parser(argclass.Parser):
    log_level: int = argclass.LogLevel
    endpoint = AddressPortGroup(
        title="Endpoint options",
        defaults=dict(port=8080)
    )
    commit: Optional[CommitCommand] = CommitCommand()
    push: Optional[PushCommand] = PushCommand()


@singledispatch
def handle_subparser(subparser: Any) -> None:
    raise NotImplementedError(
        f"Unexpected subparser type {subparser.__class__!r}"
    )


@handle_subparser.register(type(None))
def handle_none(_: None) -> None:
    Parser().print_help()
    exit(2)


@handle_subparser.register(CommitCommand)
def handle_commit(subparser: CommitCommand) -> None:
    print("Commit command called", subparser)


@handle_subparser.register(PushCommand)
def handle_push(subparser: PushCommand) -> None:
    print("Push command called", subparser)


parser = Parser(
    config_files=["example.ini", "~/.example.ini", "/etc/example.ini"],
    auto_env_var_prefix="EXAMPLE_"
)
parser.parse_args()
handle_subparser(parser.current_subparser)

Value conversion

If the argument has a generic or composite type, then you must explicitly describe it using argclass.Argument, while specifying the converter function with type or converter argument to transform the value after parsing the arguments.

The exception to this rule is Optional with a single type. In this case, an argument without a default value will not be required, and its value can be None.

import argclass
from typing import Optional, Union

def converter(value: str) -> Optional[Union[int, str, bool]]:
    if value.lower() == "none":
        return None
    if value.isdigit():
        return int(value)
    if value.lower() in ("yes", "true", "enabled", "enable", "on"):
        return True
    return False


class Parser(argclass.Parser):
    gizmo: Optional[Union[int, str, bool]] = argclass.Argument(
        converter=converter
    )
    optional: Optional[int]


parser = Parser()

parser.parse_args(["--gizmo=65535"])
assert parser.gizmo == 65535

parser.parse_args(["--gizmo=None"])
assert parser.gizmo is None

parser.parse_args(["--gizmo=on"])
assert parser.gizmo is True
assert parser.optional is None

parser.parse_args(["--gizmo=off", "--optional=10"])
assert parser.gizmo is False
assert parser.optional == 10