Bash tab completion for argparse
Project description
Argcomplete provides easy and extensible automatic tab completion of arguments and options for your Python script.
It makes two assumptions:
You’re using bash as your shell
You’re using argparse to manage your command line options
Argcomplete is particularly useful if your program has lots of options or subparsers, and if you can suggest completions for your argument/option values (for example, if the user is browsing resources over the network).
Installation
pip install argcomplete activate-global-python-argcomplete
See Activating global completion below if the second step reports an error.
Synopsis
Python code (e.g. my-awesome-script.py):
#!/usr/bin/env python # PYTHON_ARGCOMPLETE_OK import argcomplete, argparse parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() ... argcomplete.autocomplete(parser) parser.parse() ...
Shellcode (only necessary if global completion is not activated - see Activating global completion below), to be put in e.g. .bashrc:
eval "$(register-python-argcomplete my-awesome-script.py)"
argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
This method is the entry point to the module. It must be called after ArgumentParser construction is complete, but before the ArgumentParser.parse() method is called. The method looks for an environment variable that the completion hook shellcode sets, and if it’s there, collects completions, prints them to the output stream (fd 8 by default), and exits. Otherwise, it returns to the caller immediately.
Specifying completers
You can specify custom completion functions for your options and arguments. Completers are called with the following keyword arguments:
prefix: The prefix text of the last word before the cursor on the command line. All returned completions should begin with this prefix.
action: The argparse.Action instance that this completer was called for.
parser: The argparse.ArgumentParser instance that the action was taken by.
Completers should return their completions as a list of strings. An example completer for names of environment variables might look like this:
def EnvironCompleter(prefix, **kwargs):
return (v for v in os.environ if v.startswith(prefix))
To specify a completer for an argument or option, set the completer attribute of its associated action. An easy way to do this at definition time is:
from argcomplete.completers import EnvironCompleter
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("--env-var1").completer = EnvironCompleter
parser.add_argument("--env-var2").completer = EnvironCompleter
argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
If you specify the choices keyword for an argparse option or argument (and don’t specify a completer), it will be used for completions.
A completer that is initialized with a set of all possible choices of values for its action might look like this:
class ChoicesCompleter(object):
def __init__(self, choices=[]):
self.choices = choices
def __call__(self, prefix, **kwargs):
return (c for c in self.choices if c.startswith(prefix))
The following two ways to specify a static set of choices are equivalent for completion purposes:
from argcomplete.completers import ChoicesCompleter
parser.add_argument("--protocol", choices=('http', 'https', 'ssh', 'rsync', 'wss'))
parser.add_argument("--proto").completer=ChoicesCompleter(('http', 'https', 'ssh', 'rsync', 'wss'))
Activating global completion
The script activate-global-python-argcomplete will try to install the file etc/bash_completion.d/python-argcomplete.sh (see on GitHub) into an appropriate location on your system (/etc/bash_completion.d/ or ~/.bash_completion.d/). If it fails, but you know the correct location of your bash completion scripts directory, you can specify it with --dest:
activate-global-python-argcomplete --dest=/path/to/bash_completion.d
Otherwise, you can redirect its shellcode output into a file:
activate-global-python-argcomplete --dest=- > file
The file’s contents should then be sourced in e.g. ~/.bashrc.
In global completion mode, bash will look for the string PYTHON_ARGCOMPLETE_OK in the first 1024 bytes of any executable that it’s running completion for, and if it’s found, follow the rest of the argcomplete protocol as described above. This frees you from the requirement to register each argcomplete-capable executable separately.
Acknowledgments
Inspired and informed by the optcomplete module by Martin Blais.
Links
Bugs
Please report bugs, issues, feature requests, etc. on GitHub.
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