autopep8 0.8.6

About

autopep8 automatically formats Python code to conform to the PEP 8 style guide. It uses the pep8 utility to determine what parts of the code needs to be formatted. autopep8 is capable of fixing most of the formatting issues that can be reported by pep8.

Installation

from pip:

$ pip install --upgrade autopep8

from easy_install:

$ easy_install -ZU autopep8

Requirements

autopep8 requires pep8 (>= 1.3.2). Older versions of pep8 will also work, but autopep8 will run pep8 in a subprocess in that case (for compatibility purposes).

Usage

To modify a file in place:

$ autopep8 -i <filename>

Before running autopep8.

import sys, os;

def someone_likes_semicolons(                             foo  = None            ,\
bar='bar'):
    """Hello; bye."""; print( 'A'<>foo)            #<> is a deprecated form of !=
    return 0;
def func11():
    a=(   1,2, 3,"a"  );
    ####This is a long comment. This should be wrapped to fit within 72 characters.
    x = [a,[100,200,300,9876543210,'This is a long string that goes on and on']]
def func22(): return {True: True}.has_key({'foo': 2}.has_key('foo'));
class UselessClass(   object ):

    def __init__    ( self, bar ):
     #Comments should have a space after the hash.
     if bar : bar+=1;  bar=bar* bar   ; return bar
     else:
                    indentation_in_strings_should_not_be_touched = """
                       hello
world
"""
                    raise ValueError, indentation_in_strings_should_not_be_touched
    def my_method(self):
                                              print(self);

After running autopep8.

import sys
import os


def someone_likes_semicolons(foo=None,
                             bar='bar'):
    """Hello; bye."""
    print('A' != foo)  # <> is a deprecated form of !=
    return 0


def func11():
    a = (1, 2, 3, "a")
    # This is a long comment. This should be wrapped to fit within 72
    # characters.
    x = [a, [100, 200, 300, 9876543210,
             'This is a long string that goes on and on']]


def func22():
    return ('foo' in {'foo': 2}) in {True: True}


class UselessClass(object):

    def __init__(self, bar):
        # Comments should have a space after the hash.
        if bar:
            bar += 1
            bar = bar * bar
            return bar
        else:
            indentation_in_strings_should_not_be_touched = """
                       hello
world
"""
            raise ValueError(indentation_in_strings_should_not_be_touched)

    def my_method(self):
        print(self)

Options:

Usage: autopep8 [options] [filename [filename ...]]
Use filename '-'  for stdin.

Automatically formats Python code to conform to the PEP 8 style guide.

Options:
  --version             show program's version number and exit
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --verbose         print verbose messages; multiple -v result in more
                        verbose messages
  -d, --diff            print the diff for the fixed source
  -i, --in-place        make changes to files in place
  -r, --recursive       run recursively; must be used with --in-place or
                        --diff
  --exclude=globs       exclude files/directories that match these comma-
                        separated globs
  -p n, --pep8-passes=n
                        maximum number of additional pep8 passes (default:
                        100)
  --list-fixes          list codes for fixes; used by --ignore and --select
  --ignore=errors       do not fix these errors/warnings (e.g. E4,W)
  --select=errors       fix only these errors/warnings (e.g. E4,W)
  --max-line-length=n   set maximum allowed line length (default: 79)
  --aggressive          enable possibly unsafe changes (E711, E712)

Features

autopep8 fixes the following issues reported by pep8:

E101 - Reindent all lines.
E111 - Reindent all lines.
E121 - Fix indentation to be a multiple of four.
E122 - Add absent indentation for hanging indentation.
E123 - Align closing bracket to match opening bracket.
E124 - Align closing bracket to match visual indentation.
E125 - Indent to distinguish line from next logical line.
E126 - Fix over-indented hanging indentation.
E127 - Fix visual indentation.
E128 - Fix visual indentation.
E20  - Remove extraneous whitespace.
E211 - Remove extraneous whitespace.
E22  - Fix extraneous whitespace around keywords.
E231 - Add missing whitespace.
E241 - Fix extraneous whitespace around keywords.
E242 - Remove extraneous whitespace around operator.
E251 - Remove whitespace around parameter '=' sign.
E26  - Fix spacing after comment hash.
E27  - Fix extraneous whitespace around keywords.
E301 - Add missing blank line.
E302 - Add missing 2 blank lines.
E303 - Remove extra blank lines.
E304 - Remove blank line following function decorator.
E401 - Put imports on separate lines.
E501 - Try to make lines fit within --max-line-length characters.
E502 - Remove extraneous escape of newline.
E701 - Put colon-separated compound statement on separate lines.
E702 - Put semicolon-separated compound statement on separate lines.
E711 - Fix comparison with None.
E712 - Fix comparison with boolean.
E721 - Switch to use isinstance().
W191 - Reindent all lines.
W291 - Remove trailing whitespace.
W293 - Remove trailing whitespace on blank line.
W391 - Remove trailing blank lines.
W601 - Replace the {}.has_key() form with 'in'.
W602 - Fix deprecated form of raising exception.
W603 - Replace <> with !=.
W604 - Replace backticks with repr().

autopep8 also fixes some issues not found by pep8.

• Format block comments. (This is triggered if E26 is enabled.)

• Correct some non-idiomatic Python code (via 2to3 -f idioms). (This is triggered if E712 is enabled.)

• Normalize files with mixed line endings.

More advanced usage

To enable only a subset of the fixes, use the --select option. For example, to fix various types of indentation issues:

$ autopep8 --select=E1,W1 <filename>

If the file being fixed is large, you may want to enable verbose progress messages:

$ autopep8 -v <filename>

Large files may also take many more iterations to completely fix. Thus, you may need to increase the maximum number of passes:

$ autopep8 -p 1000 <filename>

By default autopep8 makes only safe changes. Thus, by default, it does not fix E711 and E712. (Changing x == None to x is None may change the meaning of the program if x has its __eq__ method overridden.) To enable these sort of aggressive fixes, use the --aggressive option:

$ autopep8 --aggressive <filename>

--aggressive will also shorten lines more aggressively.

Use as a module

The simplest way of using autopep8 as a module is via the fix_string() function.

>>> import autopep8
>>> autopep8.fix_string('x=       123\n')
'x = 123\n'

Testing

Test cases are in test/test_autopep8.py. They can be run directly via python test/test_autopep8.py or via tox. The latter is useful for testing against multiple Python interpreters. (We currently test against CPython versions 2.6, 2.7, 3.2, and 3.3. We also test against PyPy.)

Broad spectrum testing is available via test/acid.py. This script runs autopep8 against Python code and checks for correctness and completeness of the code fixes. It can check that the bytecode remains identical. test/acid_pypi.py makes use of acid.py to test against the latest released packages on PyPI. In a similar fashion, test/acid_github.py tests against Python code in Github repositories.

Links

• PyPI

• GitHub

• Travis CI

• Jenkins