CSV processing and mutual conversion of web related data types
Project description
Convey
Swiss knife for mutual conversion of the web related data types, like base64
or outputs of the programs whois
, dig
, curl
.
Convenable way to quickly gather all meaningful information or to process large files that might freeze your spreadsheet processor.
Any input is accepted:
- if a single value input is detected, all meaningful information is fetched
- multiline base64/quoted_printable string gets decoded
- log/XLS/XLSX/ODS file converted to CSV
- CSV file (any delimiter, header or pandoc table format) performs one or more actions
- Pick, delete or sort columns (if only some columns are needed)
- Add a column (computes one field from another – see below)
- Filter (keep/discard rows with specific values, no duplicates)
- Split by a column (produce separate files instead of single file; these can then be sent by generic SMTP or through OTRS)
- Change CSV dialect (change delimiter or quoting character, remove header)
- Aggregate (count grouped by a column, sum...)
Python3.6+ required.
Table of contents
Usage
Usage 1 – Single query
Check what happens if an IP is provided, it returns table with WHOIS-related information and scraped HTTP content.
$ convey 1.1.1.1 # single query input
Input value detected: ip
1.1.1.1 ...au
field value
---------------- -----------------
prefix 1.1.1.0-1.1.1.255
asn as13335
abusemail abuse@apnic.net
country au
netname apnic-labs
csirt-contact -
incident-contact au
status 200
text DNSThe free app that makes your (much longer text...)
Usage 2 – CSV processor program
Parses CSV file.
$ convey my-file-with-ips.csv # will trigger file parsing
Source file: /tmp/my-file.csv
Log lines: 200
Sample:
...
Delimiter character found: ','
Quoting character: '"'
Header is present: not used
Could you confirm this? [y]/n
...
...
Usage 3 – Web service
Again, let's provide an IP to the web service, it returns JSON with WHOIS-related information and scraped HTTP content.
$ convey --server # start a UWSGI session
Access in the browser: http://localhost:26683/?q=example.com
{"ip": "93.184.216.34", "prefix": "93.184.216.0-93.184.216.255", "asn": "", "abusemail": "abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com", "country": "unknown", "netname": "edgecast-netblk-03", "csirt-contact": "-", "incident-contact": "unknown", "status": 200, "text": "DNSThe free app that makes your (much longer text...)"}
Installation and first run
Prerequisites
- You'll be asked to install
dialog
library at the first run if not already present in the system. - If something is missing on your system, you may find help yourself with this command:
sudo apt install python3-pip python3-dev python3-tk git xdg-utils dialog whois dnsutils nmap curl build-essential libssl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev && pip3 install setuptools wheel uwsgi && pip3 install --upgrade ipython
build-essential
is needed to builduwsgi
andenvelope
libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
needed to suppress uWSGI warning!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
libssl-dev
needed to be present before buildinguwsgi
if you will need to use--https
Launch as a package:
# (optional) setup virtual environment
python3 -m venv venv
. venv/bin/activate
(venv) $ ... # continue below
# install from PyPi
pip3 install convey # without root use may want to use --user
# (optional) alternatively, you may want to install current master from GitHub
pip3 install git+https://github.com/CZ-NIC/convey.git
# launch
convey [filename or input text] # or try `python3 -m convey` if you're not having `.local/bin` in your executable path
Parameter [filename or input text]
may be the path of the CSV source file or any text that should be parsed. Note that if the text consist of a single value, program prints out all the computable information and exits; I.E. inputting a base64 string will decode it.
OR launch from a directory
# download from GitHub
git clone git@github.com:CZ-NIC/convey.git
cd convey
pip3 install -r requirements.txt --user
# launch
./convey.py
Bash completion
- Run:
apt-get install bash-completion jq
- Copy: extra/convey-autocompletion.bash to
/etc/bash_completion.d/
- Restart terminal
Customisation
- Launch convey with
--help
flag to see further options. - A file
config.ini
is automatically created in user config folder. This file may be edited for further customisation. Access it withconvey --config
.
- Convey tries to open the file in the default GUI editor or in the terminal editor if GUI is not an option.
- If
config.ini
is present at working directory, that one is used over the one in the user config folder.- Configuration is updated automatically on upgrade.
Computing fields
Computable fields
Some field types are directly computable:
- abusemail – got abuse e-mail contact from whois
- asn – got from whois
- base64 – encode/decode
- cc_contact – e-mail address corresponding with the abusemail, taken from your personal contacts_cc CSV in the format
domain,cc;cc
(mails delimited by a semicolon). Path to this file has to be specified inconfig.ini » contacts_cc
. - country – country code from whois
csirt_contact– e-mail address corresponding with country code, taken from your personal contacts_abroad CSV in the formatcountry,abusemail
. Path to this file has to be specified inconfig.ini » contacts_abroad
- external – you specify method in a custom .py file that receives the field and generates the value for you, see below
- hostname – domain from url
- incident_contact – if the IP comes from local country (specified in
config.ini » local_country
) the field gets abusemail, otherwise we get country@@mail where mail is either abusemail or abroad country e-mail. When splitting by this field, convey is subsequently able to send the split files to local abuse and foreign csirt contacts. - ip – translated from url
- netname – got from whois
- prefix – got from whois
Whois module
When obtaining a WHOIS record
- We are internally calling
whois
program, detecting what servers were asked. - Sometimes you encounter a funny formatted whois response. We try to mitigate such cases and re-ask another registry in well known cases.
- Since IP addresses in the same prefix share the same information we cache it to gain maximal speed while reducing whois queries.
- Sometimes you encounter an IP that gives no information but asserts its prefix includes a large portion of the address space. All IP addresses in that portion ends labeled as unknowns. At the end of the processing you are asked to redo unknowns one by one to complete missing information, flushing misleading superset from the cache.
- You may easily hit LACNIC query rate quota. In that case, we re-queue such lines to be queried after the quota is over if possible. At the end of the processing, you will get asked whether you wish to carefully and slowly reprocess the lines awaiting the quota lift.
Detectable fields
Some of the field types we are able to auto-detect:
- ip – standard IPv4 / IPv6 addresses
- cidr – CIDR notation, ex: 127.0.0.1/32
- port_ip – IPv4 in the form 1.2.3.4.port
- any_ip – IPv4 garbled in the form
any text 1.2.3.4 any text
- hostname – or FQDN; 2nd or 3rd domain name
- url – URL starting with http/https
- asn – AS Number
- base64 – text encoded with base64
- wrong_url – URL that has been deactivated by replacing certain chars, ex: "hxxp://example[.]com"
Overview of all methods
Current field computing capacity can be get from --show-uml
flag. Generate yours by ex: convey --show-uml | dot -Tsvg -o /tmp/convey-methods.svg
- Dashed node: field type is auto-detectable
- Dashed edge: field types are identical
- Edge label: generating options asked at runtime
- Rectangle: field category border
External field how-to
Simple custom method
If you wish to compute an external field, prepare a file whose contents can be as simple as this:
def any_method(value):
# do something
return "modified :)"
Launch an external method
- When CSV processing, hit 'Add column' and choose 'new external... from a method in your. py file'
- Or in the terminal append
--field external
to yourconvey
command. A dialog for a path of the Python file and desired method will appear.
$ convey [string_or_filepath] --field external
- You may as well directly specify the path and the callable. Since the
--field
has following syntax:
FIELD[[CUSTOM]],[COLUMN],[SOURCE_TYPE],[CUSTOM],[CUSTOM]
You may omit both COLUMN and SOURCE_TYPE writing it this way:
FIELD,
COLUMN,SOURCE_TYPE,CUSTOM,CUSTOM
external,/tmp/myfile.py,any_method
$ convey [string_or_filepath] --field external,/tmp/myfile.py,any_method
Input value seems to be plaintext.
field value
-------- -----------------------
external modified :)
Register an external method
- You may as well hard code custom fields in the
config.ini
by providing paths to the entry point Python files delimited by a comma:external_fields = /tmp/myfile.py, /tmp/anotherfile.py
. All the public methods in the defined files will become custom fields!
[EXTERNAL]
external_fields = /tmp/myfile.py
- If this is not needed, you may register one by one by adding new items to the
EXTERNAL
section. Delimit the method name by a colon.
[EXTERNAL]
any_method = /tmp/myfile.py:any_method
List of results possible
If you need a single call to generate multiple rows, return list, the row accepting a list will be duplicated.
def any_method(value):
# do something
return ["foo", "bar"]
When convey receives multiple lists, it generates a row for each combination. Ex: If a method returns 2 items and another 3 items, you will receive 6 similar rows.
PickMethod decorator
Should there be multiple ways of using your generator, place them as methods of a class decorated with PickMethod
and let the user decide at the runtime. PickMethod
has optional default:str
parameter that specifies the default method.
from convey import PickMethod
@PickMethod("all")
class any_method(PickMethod):
def all(x):
''' All of them. '''
return x
def filtered(cls, x):
''' Filter some of them '''
if x in country_code_set:
return x
$ convey file.csv --field any_method # user will be asked whether to use `all` or `filtered`
$ convey file.csv --field any_method[filtered] # `filtered` sub-method will be used
$ convey file.csv --field any_method --yes # the default `all` sub-method will be used
PickInput decorator
If you need a direct user entry before each processing, import PickInput
and make your method accept two parameters. The latter will be set by the user and may have a default value.
from convey import PickInput
import dateutil
@PickInput
def time_format(val, format="%H:%M"):
''' This text will be displayed to the user.
If running in headless mode, the default format will be "%H:%M" (hours:minutes). '''
return dateutil.parser.parse(val).strftime(format)
$ convey file.csv --field time_format # user will be asked for a format parameter
$ convey file.csv --field time_format[%M] # `format` will have the value `M%`
$ convey file.csv --field time_time --yes # the default `format` `%H:%M` will be used
Web service
When launched as a web service, several parameters are available:
-
q
– search query -
type
– same as--type
CLI flag -
field
– same as--field
CLI flag.- Note that unsafe field types
code
andexternal
are disabled in web service by default. You may re-allow them inwebservice_allow_unsafe_fields
config option - full syntax of CLI flag is supported
FIELD[[CUSTOM]],[COLUMN],[SOURCE_TYPE],[CUSTOM],[CUSTOM]
Ex:
reg_s,l,L
performs regular substitution of 'l' by 'L' - Note that unsafe field types
-
clear=web
– clears web scrapping module cache
Quick deployment may be realized by a single command:
$ convey --server
- Note that convey must be installed via
pip
- Note that LACNIC may freeze for 300 s, hence the timeout recommendation.
- Note that you may find your convey installation path by launching
pip3 show convey
- If you received or generated key and certificate, you may turn on HTTPS in
uwsgi.ini
accesible by:convey --config uwsgi
- Internally, flag
--server
launcheswsgi.py
with a UWSGI session.$ uwsgi --http :26683 --http-timeout 310 --wsgi-file /home/$USER/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/convey/wsgi.py
Access: curl http://localhost:26683/?q=example.com
{"ip": "93.184.216.34", "prefix": "93.184.216.0-93.184.216.255", "asn": "", "abusemail": "abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com", "country": "unknown", "netname": "edgecast-netblk-03", "csirt-contact": "-", "incident-contact": "unknown", "status": 200, "text": "DNSThe free app that makes your (much longer text...)"}
Access: curl http://localhost:26683/?q=example.com&field=ip
{"ip": "93.184.216.34"}
Access: curl http://localhost:26683?q=hello&type=country&field=reg_s,l,L
{"reg_s": "heLLo"}
Sending files
When you split the CSV file into chunks by an e-mail, generated files may be sent to these addresses. Look at the example of an unlocked "send" menu below. You see the list of the recipients, followed by a conditional list of recipients that have been already sent to. Next, an exact e-mail message is printed out, including headers.
In the menu, you may either:
- Send the e-mails
- Limit the messages that are being send at once; if you are not 100 % sure you want to send the the whole message bucket at once.
- Edit the template. The message file will open either in the default GUI or terminal editor. The first line of the template should be
Subject: ...
, followed by a free line. Note that you may include any e-mail headers, such asReply-To: ...
,Cc: ...
, etc. The e-mail will reflect all of them. You may write the message either in plain text or in the HTML. - Choose which recipients in a checkbox list will receive the message.
- Test sending a message to your own address. You'll be prompted which of the messages should be delivered to you. The e-mail contents possibly modified by a dynamic template is shown just before sending.
- Print all e-mails to a file to have the more granulated control over what is going to be sent.
- Toggle file attaching on and off. There are use cases when you do not want the files to be sent with, the text suits fine.
*** E-mail template ***
Recipient list (1/3): alice@example.com
Already sent (2/3): bob@example.com, cilia@example.com
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
MIME-Version: 1.0
Subject: My subject
From: me@example.com
Date: Fri, 17 Jan 2020 01:36:28 +0100
Hello,
this is my testing message.
Keen regards
**************************************************
1) Send all e-mails via localhost (1) ←←←←←
l) Limit sending amount to...
e) Edit template...
r) Choose recipients...
t) Send test e-mail...
p) Print e-mails to a file...
a) Attach files (toggle): True
x) Go back...
?
Arbitrary e-mail headers, "From" header, GPG signing
In the template, you may specify any e-mail header, such as Reply-To
, Cc
or From
. If From
is not found, we take SMTP/email_from_name
config value. If gnupg
home is found on the default user path, we check if there is a secret key matching the From
header and if found, e-mail will be GPG-signed. If it is going to be signed, you would see something like Content-Type: multipart/signed; protocol="application/pgp-signature";
header in the e-mail template preview.
Dynamic templates
Message is processed with Jinja2 templating system by default.
Few instruments are included to treat the attachment contents:
-
attachment() – Prints the attachment contents and prevent it to be attached.
You will find our findings below. {{ attachment() }}
-
row() – Generate attachment contents fields row by row. Header skipped.
-
amount(count=2) – Check if the attachment has at least
count
number of lines. Header is not counted. Useful when deciding whether the are single row in the result or multiple. -
joined(column: int, delimiter=", ") – Return a column joined by delimiter
-
first_row – Access first line fields
Example:
{% if amount() %} Here is the complete list of the elements. {{ joined(1,"\n") }} {% else %} Here is the element you had problems with: {{ first_row[1] }} {% endif %}
Examples
In the examples, we will use these parameters to add a field and to shorten the result.
# -f, --field adding field syntax: FIELD[[CUSTOM]],[COLUMN],[SOURCE_TYPE],[CUSTOM],[CUSTOM]
# -H, --headless: just quietly print out single value, no dialog
URL parsing
Output formats
Put any IP or URL as the argument.
$ convey example.com
Input value detected: hostname
Whois 93.184.216.34... abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
Scrapping http://example.com...
field value
---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cidr 93.184.216.0/24
ip 93.184.216.34
tld com
url http://example.com
abusemail abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
csirt_contact -
incident_contact abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
netname edgecast-netblk-03
prefix 93.184.216.0-93.184.216.255
a 93.184.216.34
aaaa 2606:2800:220:1:248:1893:25c8:1946
mx 0 .
ns ['a.iana-servers.net.', 'b.iana-servers.net.']
spf v=spf1 -all
http_status 200
text Example Domain
This domain is for use in illustrative examples in documents. You may use this
domain in literature without prior coordination or asking for permission.
More informatio
n...
Should you need just the country the domain/IP is hosted in, use --field, -f
argument
$ convey wikipedia.com -f country
Input value detected: hostname
Whois 208.80.154.232... us
field value
------- -------
country us
Use --headless, -H
or --quiet, -q
flag to shorten the output (and cut down all dialogues).
$ convey wikipedia.com -f country -H
us
Flag --json
modifies the output.
$ convey wikipedia.com -f country -H --json
{"country": "us"}
Computing TLD from another column
To compute a TLD from the abusemail that is being used for the IP domain is hosted in, add a field abusemail
and then another field tld
. Specifically say that the latter should source from the second column (which is abusemail
) – either type '2' or 'abusemail'.
$ convey example.com -f abusemail -f tld,2
$ convey example.com -f abusemail -f tld,abusemail
Input value detected: hostname
Whois 93.184.216.34... abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
field value
--------- -----------------------------
abusemail abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
tld com
To prevent abusemail
from being output, use --field-excluded, -fe
instead of --field, -f
:
$ convey example.com -fe abusemail -f tld,2 -H
Input value detected: hostname
Whois 93.184.216.34... abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
field value
------- -------
tld com
We did not say earlier, user is asked each time whether they wish to get any tld
, gTLD
(ex: com) or ccTLD
(ex: cz). You may specify it from CLI by one of those equivalent commands.
$ convey test.csv --fresh --field tld[gTLD]
$ convey test.csv --fresh --field tld,,,gTLD
# flag --yes or --headless will choose the default option which is *all*
$ convey test.csv --fresh --field tld --yes
CSV processing
Should you have a list of the object that you want to enrich of a CIDR they are hosted at, load the file test.csv
they are located in.
# file text.csv
domain list
wikipedia.com
example.com
And see the menu just by adding --field cidr
argument.
$ convey test.csv -f cidr
Source file: /tmp/ram/test.csv
Identified columns:
Log lines: 3
Sample:
domain list
wikipedia.com
example.com
Delimiter character found: ','
Quoting character: '"'
Header is present: yes
Could you confirm this? [y]/n: (HIT ENTER)
Source file: /tmp/ram/test.csv, delimiter: ',', quoting: '"', header: used
Identified columns: domain list (hostname)
Computed columns: cidr (from domain list)
Log lines: 3
Sample:
domain list
wikipedia.com
example.com
Whois 208.80.154.232... us
Whois 93.184.216.34... abuse@verizondigitalmedia.com
Preview:
domain list cidr from:
(hostname) domain list
--------------- ---------------
wikipedia.com 208.80.152.0/22
example.com 93.184.216.0/24
Main menu - how the file should be processed?
1) Pick or delete columns
2) Add a column
3) Filter
4) Split by a column
5) Change CSV dialect
6) Aggregate
p) process ←←←←←
~) send (split first)
~) show all details (process first)
r) redo...
c) config...
x) exit
?
File splitting
We will create an ASN field and split the file.csv by this field, without adding it into the output.
# file.csv
wikipedia.com,443,2016-02-09T01:12:26-05:00,16019,US
seznam.cz,25,2016-02-27T22:20:21-05:00,16019,CZ
google.com,25,2016-02-28T02:27:21-05:00,16019,US
$ convey file.csv --field-excluded asn --split asn
(...)
** Processing completed: 3 result files in /tmp/ram/file.csv_convey1573236314
(...)
# file as14907
wikipedia.com,443,2016-02-09T01:12:26-05:00,16019,US
# file as43037
seznam.cz,25,2016-02-27T22:20:21-05:00,16019,CZ
# file as15169
google.com,25,2016-02-28T02:27:21-05:00,16019,US
CSIRT Usecase
A CSIRT may use the tool to automate incident handling tasks. The input is any CSV we receive from partners; there is at least one column with IP addresses or URLs. We fetch whois information and produce a set of CSV grouped by country AND/OR abusemail related to IPs. These CSVs are then sent by through OTRS from within the tool.
A most of the work is done by this command.
convey --field-excluded incident_contact,source_ip --split incident_contact --yes [FILENAME]
Custom code field
Adding a column from custom Python code:
$ convey example.com -f code,"x=x[1:5]"
xamp
Base64 and Regular expressions
Code there and back:
$ convey hello -f base64 -H # --headless conversion to base64
aGVsbG8=
$ convey aGVsbG8= -H # automatically identifies input as base64 and produces plaintext
hello
Use a reg
column for regular expressions.
# start adding a new reg column wizzard that will take decoded "hello" as input
$ convey aGVsbG8= -f reg
$ convey aGVsbG8= -f reg_s,"ll","LL" -H # substitute 'll' with 'LL'
heLLo
Specify source
# start adding a new reg column wizzard that will take plaintext "aGVsbG8=" as input
$ convey aGVsbG8= -f reg,plaintext
# specifying plaintext as a source type will prevent implicit convertion from base64
$ convey aGVsbG8= -f reg_s,plaintext,"[A-Z]","!" -H # substitute uppercase letters with '!'
a!!sb!8=
Converting units
We are connected to the pint unit converter!
$ convey "3 kg"
Input value detected: unit
field value
--------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
plaintext ['1.806642538265029e+27 atomic_mass_unit', '105.82188584874123 ounce', '96.45223970588393 ap
othecary_ounce', '0.0703602964419822 bag', '0.05905239165666364 long_hunderweight', '0.06613
867865546327 US_hundredweight', '0.002952619582833182 UK_ton', '0.002952619582833182 long_to
n', '1929.0447941176785 pennyweight', '46297.07505882429 grain', '1.7935913792661326e+27 pro
ton_mass', '771.6179176470714 apothecary_dram', '3000.0 gram', ...]
$ convey "3 kg" -f unit # launches wizzard that let's you decide what unit to convert to
$ convey "3 kg" -f unit[g] -H
3000.0 gram
$ convey "kg" -f unit --csv-processing --headless
kg|6.022141794216764e+26 atomic_mass_unit
kg|0.001 metric_ton
kg|0.0009842065276110606 UK_ton
kg|771.6179176470714 scruple
kg|257.2059725490238 apothecary_dram
kg|1000.0 gram
# You may try to specify the units with no space and quotation.
# In the following example, convey expand all time-units it is able to compute
# – time units will be printed out and each is base64 encoded.
$ convey 3hours
Input value detected: timestamp, unit
field value
------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------
(...)
base64 ['MC4wMDQxMDY4NjM4OTc0NTAwNzcgbW9udGg=', 'MTA4MDAuMCBzZWNvbmQ=', 'MC4wMTc4NTcxNDI4NTcxNDI4NSB3ZWVr']
plaintext ['0.004106863897450077 month', '10800.0 second', '0.01785714285714285 week', (...)]
time 03:00:00
(...)
# What if
$ convey 3hours -f urlencode
Input value detected: timestamp, unit
Input unit_expand variable unit: *you type here sec or seconds to see the wizzard*
Preview
| original | result |
|------------|----------------|
| 3hours | 10800.0 second |
field value
--------- ----------------
urlencode 10800.0%20second
# What if we wanted to urlencode text "3hours" without converting it to unit first?
# Just specify the SOURCE_TYPE to be plaintext:
$ convey "3hours" -f urlencode,plaintext
Input value detected: timestamp, unit
field value
--------- -------
urlencode 3hours
Country names
When specifying country code, you get country name.
$ convey --type country sc
Seychelles
Lots of countries can be recognized.
bash
$ convey --type country_name Futuna
wf
You may get the country code from various telephone number formats.
$ convey +2481234567
Seychelles
$ convey "1-541-754-3010"
['ca', 'us']
$ convey
Aggregate
Syntax is [COLUMN, FUNCTION], ..., [group-by-COLUMN]
.
Possible functions are:
- avg
- sum
- count
- min
- max
- list
- set
Let's have a file.
# file.csv
category,price,consumption
bulb,100,30
bulb,150,10
kettle,250,70
kettle,352,80
bulb,120,15
Sum the price
column.
$ convey file.csv --aggregate price,sum
sum(price)
------------
972
Group the price
sum by category
.
$ convey file.csv --aggregate price,sum,category
category sum(price)
--------- ------------
total 972
bulb 370
kettle 602
Group the price
sum and the consumption
average value by category
.
$ convey file.csv --aggregate price,sum,consumption,avg,category
category sum(price) avg(consumption)
---------- ------------ ------------------
total 972 41
bulb 370 18.33
kettle 602 75
Group the price
sum by category
and list its values.
$ convey file.csv --aggregate price,sum,price,list,category
category sum(price) list(price)
---------- ------------ ---------------------
total 972 (all)
bulb 370 ['100', '150', '120']
kettle 602 ['250', '352']
You can even split while aggregating. Each file will count its own results.
$ convey file.csv --agg price,sum --split category
Split location: bulb
sum(price)
------------
370
Split location: kettle
sum(price)
------------
602
Credits
Brought by CSIRT.cz.
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Details for the file convey-1.3.14.tar.gz
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- Download URL: convey-1.3.14.tar.gz
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- Size: 145.9 kB
- Tags: Source
- Uploaded using Trusted Publishing? No
- Uploaded via: twine/3.8.0 pkginfo/1.8.2 readme-renderer/33.0 requests/2.25.1 requests-toolbelt/0.9.1 urllib3/1.26.5 tqdm/4.62.3 importlib-metadata/4.0.1 keyring/23.0.1 rfc3986/2.0.0 colorama/0.4.4 CPython/3.9.7
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