Use Database URLs in your Django Application.
Project description
This simple Django utility allows you to utilize the 12factor inspired DATABASE_URL environment variable to configure your Django application.
The dj_database_url.config method returns a Django database connection dictionary, populated with all the data specified in your URL. There is also a conn_max_age argument to easily enable Django’s connection pool.
If you’d rather not use an environment variable, you can pass a URL in directly instead to dj_database_url.parse.
Supported Databases
Support currently exists for PostgreSQL, PostGIS, MySQL, MySQL (GIS), Oracle, Oracle (GIS), Redshift, CockroachDB, and SQLite.
Installation
Installation is simple:
$ pip install dj-database-url
Usage
If DATABASES is already defined:
Configure your database in settings.py from DATABASE_URL:
import dj_database_url DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=600)
Provide a default:
DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.config(default='postgres://...')
Parse an arbitrary Database URL:
DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.parse('postgres://...', conn_max_age=600)
If DATABASES is not defined:
Configure your database in settings.py from DATABASE_URL:
import dj_database_url DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=600)}
Provide a default:
DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config(default='postgres://...')}
Parse an arbitrary Database URL:
DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.parse('postgres://...', conn_max_age=600)}
The conn_max_age attribute is the lifetime of a database connection in seconds and is available in Django 1.6+. If you do not set a value, it will default to 0 which is Django’s historical behavior of using a new database connection on each request. Use None for unlimited persistent connections.
Strings passed to dj_database_url must be valid URLs; in particular, special characters must be url-encoded. The following url will raise a ValueError:
postgres://user:p#ssword!@localhost/foobar
and should instead be passed as:
postgres://user:p%23ssword!@localhost/foobar
URL schema
Engine |
Django Backend |
URL |
---|---|---|
PostgreSQL |
django.db.backends.postgresql [1] |
postgres://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME [2] |
PostGIS |
django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis |
postgis://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
MSSQL |
sql_server.pyodbc |
mssql://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
MSSQL [5] |
mssql |
mssqlms://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
MySQL |
django.db.backends.mysql |
mysql://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
MySQL (GIS) |
django.contrib.gis.db.backends.mysql |
mysqlgis://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
SQLite |
django.db.backends.sqlite3 |
sqlite:///PATH [3] |
SpatiaLite |
django.contrib.gis.db.backends.spatialite |
spatialite:///PATH [3] |
Oracle |
django.db.backends.oracle |
oracle://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME [4] |
Oracle (GIS) |
django.contrib.gis.db.backends.oracle |
oraclegis://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
Redshift |
django_redshift_backend |
redshift://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
CockroachDB |
django_cockroachdb |
cockroach://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/NAME |
Contributing
We welcome contributions to this project. Projects can take two forms:
Raising issues or helping others through the github issue tracker.
Contributing code.
Raising Issues or helping others:
When submitting an issue or helping other remember you are talking to humans who have feelings, jobs and lives of their own. Be nice, be kind, be polite. Remember english may not be someone first language, if you do not understand or something is not clear be polite and re-ask/ re-word.
Contributing code:
Before writing code be sure to check existing PR’s and issues in the tracker.
Write code to the pylint spec.
Large or wide sweeping changes will take longer, and may face more scrutiny than smaller confined changes.
Code should be pass black and flake8 validation.
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