Easily use bleach with Django models and templates
Project description
Bleach is a Python module that takes any HTML input, and returns valid, sanitised HTML that contains only an allowed subset of HTML tags, attributes and styles. django-bleach is a Django app that makes using bleach extremely easy.
Setup
Install django-bleach via pip:
pip install django-bleach
Add django-bleach to your INSTALLED_APPS:
INSTALLED_APPS = [ # ... 'django_bleach', # ... ]Select some sensible defaults for the allowed tags, attributes and styles; and the behaviour when unknown tags are encountered. Each of these are optional, and default to using the bleach defaults. See the bleach documentation:
# Which HTML tags are allowed BLEACH_ALLOWED_TAGS = ['p', 'b', 'i', 'u', 'em', 'strong', 'a'] # Which HTML attributes are allowed BLEACH_ALLOWED_ATTRIBUTES = ['href', 'title', 'style'] # Which CSS properties are allowed in 'style' attributes (assuming # style is an allowed attribute) BLEACH_ALLOWED_STYLES = [ 'font-family', 'font-weight', 'text-decoration', 'font-variant'] # Strip unknown tags if True, replace with HTML escaped characters if # False BLEACH_STRIP_TAGS = True # Strip comments, or leave them in. BLEACH_STRIP_COMMENTS = FalseSelect the default widget for bleach fields. This defaults to django.forms.Textarea, but you will probably want to replace it with a WYSIWYG editor, or something similar:
# Use the CKEditorWidget for bleached HTML fields BLEACH_DEFAULT_WIDGET = 'wysiwyg.widgets.WysiwygWidget'
I use django-ckeditor in my projects, but what you use is up to you.
Usage
In your models
django-bleach provides three ways of creating bleached output. The simplest way of including user-editable HTML content that is automatically sanitised is by using the BleachField model field:
# in app/models.py
from django import models
from django_bleach.models import BleachField
class Post(models.Model):
title = models.CharField()
content = BleachField()
# ...
BleachField takes the following arguments, to customise the output of bleach. See the bleach documentation for their use:
allowed_tags
allowed_attributes
allowed_styles
strip_tags
strip_comments
In addition to the bleach-specific arguments, the BleachField model field accepts all of the normal field attributes. Behind the scenes, it is a TextField, and accepts all the same arguments as the default TextField does.
The BleachField model field sanitises its value before it is saved to the database and is marked safe so it can be immediately rendered in a template without further intervention.
In model forms, BleachField model field are represented with the BleachField form field by default.
In your forms
A BleachField form field is provided. This field sanitises HTML input from the user, and presents safe, clean HTML to your Django application and the returned value is marked safe for immediate rendering.
In your templates
If you have a piece of content from somewhere that needs to be printed in a template, you can use the bleach filter:
{% load bleach_tags %}
{{ some_unsafe_content|bleach }}
If filter has no arguments it uses default settings defined in your application settings. You can override allowed tags by specifying them as a parameter to the filter:
{{ some_unsafe_content|bleach:"p,span" }}
There is also bleach_linkify which uses the linkify function of bleach which converts URL-like strings in an HTML fragment to links
This function converts strings that look like URLs, domain names and email addresses in text that may be an HTML fragment to links, while preserving:
links already in the string
urls found in attributes
email addresses
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