Execution helpers for simplified usage of subprocess and ssh.
Project description
exec-helpers
Execution helpers for simplified usage of subprocess and ssh. Why another subprocess wrapper and why no clear paramiko?
Historically paramiko offers good ssh client, but with specific limitations: you can call command with timeout, but without receiving return code, or call command and wait for return code, but without timeout processing.
In the most cases, we are need just simple SSH client with comfortable API for calls, calls via SSH proxy and checking return code/stderr. This library offers this functionality with connection memorizing, deadlock free polling and friendly result objects (with inline decoding of YAML, JSON, binary or just strings). In addition this library offers the same API for subprocess calls, but with specific limitation: no parallel calls (for protection from race conditions).
Pros:
STDOUT and STDERR polling during command execution - no deadlocks.
The same API for subprocess and ssh.
Connection memorize.
Free software: Apache license
Open Source: https://github.com/penguinolog/exec-helpers
PyPI packaged: https://pypi-hypernode.com/pypi/exec-helpers
Self-documented code: docstrings with types in comments
Tested: see bages on top
Support multiple Python versions:
Python 2.7 Python 3.4 Python 3.5 Python 3.6
This package includes:
SSHClient - historically the first one helper, which used for SSH connections and requires memorization due to impossibility of connection close prediction. Several API calls for sFTP also presents.
SSHAuth - class for credentials storage. SSHClient does not store credentials as-is, but uses SSHAuth for it. Objects of this class can be copied between ssh connection objects, also it used for execute_through_host.
Subprocess - subprocess.Popen wrapper with timeouts, polling and almost the same API, as SSHClient (except specific flags, like cwd for subprocess and get_tty for ssh).
ExecResult - class for execution results storage. Contains exit code, stdout, stderr and getters for decoding as JSON, YAML, string, bytearray and brief strings (up to 7 lines).
ExitCodes - enumerator for standard Linux exit codes. BASH return codes (broduced from signal codes) also available.
Usage
SSHClient
Basic initialization of SSHClient can be done without construction of specific objects:
client = exec_helpers.SSHClient(host, username="username", password="password")- If ssh agent is running - keys will be collected by paramiko automatically, but if keys are in specific location
it should be loaded manually and providen as iterable object of paramiko.RSAKey.
For advanced cases or re-use of credentials, SSHAuth object should be used. It can be collected from connection object via property auth.
Creation from scratch:
auth = exec_helpers.SSHAuth(
username='username', # type: typing.Optional[str]
password='password', # type: typing.Optional[str]
key=None, # type: typing.Optional[paramiko.RSAKey]
keys=None,
)Key is a main connection key (always tried first) and keys are alternate keys. If main key now correct for username - alternate keys tried, if correct key found - it became main. If no working key - password is used and None is set as main key.
Subprocess
No initialization required.
Base methods
Main methods are execute, check_call and check_stderr for simple executing, executing and checking return code and executing, checking return code and checking for empty stderr output. This methods are almost the same for SSHCleint and Subprocess, except specific flags.
result = helper.execute(
command, # type: str
verbose=False, # type: bool
timeout=None, # type: typing.Optional[int]
**kwargs
)result = helper.check_call(
command, # type: str
verbose=False, # type: bool
timeout=None, # type: typing.Optional[int]
error_info=None, # type: typing.Optional[str]
expected=None, # type: typing.Optional[typing.Iterable[int]]
raise_on_err=True, # type: bool
**kwargs
)result = helper.check_stderr(
command, # type: str
verbose=False, # type: bool
timeout=None, # type: typing.Optional[int]
error_info=None, # type: typing.Optional[str]
raise_on_err=True, # type: bool
)The next command level uses lower level and kwargs are forwarded, so expected exit codes are forwarded from check_stderr. Implementation specific flags are always set via kwargs.
ExecResult
Execution result object has a set of useful properties:
cmd - Command
exit_code - Command return code. If possible to decode using enumerators for Linux -> it used.
stdout -> typing.Tuple[bytes]. Raw stdout output.
stderr -> typing.Tuple[bytes]. Raw stderr output.
stdout_bin -> bytearray. Binary stdout output.
stderr_bin -> bytearray. Binary stderr output.
stdout_str -> six.text_types. Text representation of output.
stderr_str -> six.text_types. Text representation of output.
stdout_brief -> six.text_types. Up to 7 lines from stdout (3 first and 3 last if >7 lines).
stderr_brief -> six.text_types. Up to 7 lines from stderr (3 first and 3 last if >7 lines).
stdout_json - STDOUT decoded as JSON.
stdout_yaml - STDOUT decoded as YAML
timestamp -> typing.Optional(datetime.datetime). Timestamp for received exit code.
Testing
The main test mechanism for the package exec-helpers is using tox. Test environments available:
pep8 py27 py34 py35 py36 pylint pep257
CI systems
For code checking several CI systems is used in parallel:
Travis CI: is used for checking: PEP8, pylint, bandit, installation possibility and unit tests. Also it’s publishes coverage on coveralls.
coveralls: is used for coverage display.
Release history Release notifications | RSS feed
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