gocept.amqprun 1.6

Basic concepts and terms

• A message handler is a function which is bound with a routing key to exactly one queue. It is called for each message on that queue, and may return a list of messages as a result.

• The result messages of one handled message are sent in one transaction together with the ACK of the handled message.

• When an exception is raised during message processing, the transaction is aborted. (The received message would be NACKed if RabbitMQ was supporting it.)

• A message handler handles exactly one message at a time. Multiple messages can be processed at the same time using threads. Those threads are called workers.

Things you don’t need to take care of

• Threading of multiple workers

• Socket handling and locking for communicating with the AMQP broker

• Transaction handling

• Message ids

  • Each outgoing message gets an email-like message id.

  • The correlation id of each outgoing message is set to the message id of the incoming message.

  • Each outgoing message gets a custom references header which is set to the incoming message’s reference header plus the incoming message’s message id.

Getting started: receiving messages

To get started, define a function which does the work. In this example, we log the message body and send a message. The declare decorator takes two arguments, the queue name and the routing key (you can also pass in a list to bind the function to multiple routing keys). The declare decorator also supports an optional arguments argument that is a dictionary to be passed to the AMQP queue_declare call to, e.g., support mirrored queues on RabbitMQ. The optional argument principal specifies to wrap the handler call into a zope.security interaction using the given principal id (you need the [security] extra to use this integration functionality).

import logging
import gocept.amqprun.handler
import gocept.amqprun.message

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

@gocept.amqprun.handler.declare('test.queue', 'test.routing')
def log_message_body(message):
    log.info(message.body)
    msg = gocept.amqprun.message.Message(
        header=dict(content_type='text/plain'),
        body=u'Thank you for your message.',
        routing_key='test.thank.messages')
    return [msg]

The handler function needs to be registered as a named utility. With ZCML this looks like this [1]:

<configure xmlns="http://namespaces.zope.org/zope">
  <include package="gocept.amqprun" />
  <utility component="path.to.package.log_message_body" name="basic" />
</configure>

To set up a server, it’s recommended to create a buildout. The following buildout creates a config file for gocept.amqprun as well as a ZCML file for the component configuration and uses ZDaemon to daemonize the process:

[buildout]
parts =
        config
        zcml
        app
        server

[deployment]
name = queue
recipe = gocept.recipe.deploymentsandbox
root = ${buildout:directory}

[config]
recipe = lovely.recipe:mkfile
path = ${deployment:etc-directory}/queue.conf

amqp-hostname = localhost
amqp-username = guest
amqp-password = guest
amqp-virtualhost = /

eventlog =
    <eventlog>
      level DEBUG
      <logfile>
        formatter zope.exceptions.log.Formatter
        path STDOUT
      </logfile>
    </eventlog>
amqp-server =
    <amqp-server>
      hostname ${:amqp-hostname}
      username ${:amqp-username}
      password ${:amqp-password}
      virtual_host ${:amqp-virtualhost}
    </amqp-server>

content =
    ${:eventlog}
    ${:amqp-server}
    <worker>
      amount 10
      component-configuration ${zcml:path}
    </worker>
    <settings>
      your.custom.settings here
    </settings>

[zcml]
recipe = lovely.recipe:mkfile
path = ${deployment:etc-directory}/queue.zcml
content =
    <configure xmlns="http://namespaces.zope.org/zope">
      <include package="gocept.amqprun" />
      <include package="your.package" />
    </configure>

[app]
recipe = zc.recipe.egg:script
eggs =
   gocept.amqprun
   your.package
   zope.exceptions
arguments = '${config:path}'
scripts = server=app

[server]
recipe = zc.zdaemonrecipe
deployment = deployment
program = ${buildout:bin-directory}/app

Sending messages

If all you want to do is send messages, you don’t have to register any handlers, but can use gocept.amqprun.server.Server.send() directly. While the handlers usually run in their own process, started by the server entrypoint (as described above), if you’re just sending messages, you can also skip the extra process and run the gocept.amqprun.server.Server in your original process, in its own thread. Here is some example code to do that:

def start_server(**kw):
    parameters = gocept.amqprun.connection.Parameters(**kw)
    server = gocept.amqprun.server.Server(parameters)
    server_thread = threading.Thread(target=server.start)
    server_thread.daemon = True
    server_thread.start()
    import time
    time.sleep(0.1)
    return server

(When you’re using the ZCA, you’ll probably want to register the Server as a utility at that point, too, so clients can access it to send messages easily.)

Settings

For application-specific settings gocept.amqprun makes the <settings> section from the configuration available via an ISettings utility:

settings = zope.component.getUtility(
    gocept.amqprun.interfaces.ISettings)
settings.get('your.settings.key')

Limitations

• Currently all messages are sent and received through the amq.topic exchange. Other exchanges are not supported at the moment.

Interfacing with the file system

<configure xmlns="http://namespaces.zope.org/zope"
           xmlns:amqp="http://namespaces.gocept.com/amqp">

  <include package="gocept.amqprun" file="meta.zcml" />

  <amqp:writefiles
    routing_key="test.data"
    queue_name="test.queue"
    directory="/path/to/output-directory"
    />
</configure>

<amqp:writefiles
  routing_key="test.foo test.bar"
  queue_name="test.queue"
  directory="/path/to/output-directory"
  />

<amqp:writefiles
  routing_key="test.data"
  queue_name="test.queue"
  directory="/path/to/output-directory"
  pattern="${routing_key}/${date}/${msgid}-${unique}.xml"
  />

/path/to/output-directory/example.route/2011-04-07/asdf998-1234098791.xml

<amqp:writefiles
  routing_key="test.foo test.bar"
  queue_name="test.queue"
  directory="/path/to/output-directory"
  arguments="
  x-ha-policy = all
  "
  />

<configure xmlns="http://namespaces.zope.org/zope"
           xmlns:amqp="http://namespaces.gocept.com/amqp">

  <include package="gocept.amqprun" file="meta.zcml" />

  <amqp:readfiles
    directory="/path/to/input-directory"
    routing_key="test.data"
    />
</configure>

Development

You can set the AMQP server parameters for running the tests via environment variables:

AMQP_HOSTNAME:

default: localhost

AMQP_USERNAME:

default: guest

AMQP_PASSWORD:

default: guest

AMQP_VIRTUALHOST:

default: None, so a vhost with a temporary name is created and deleted automatically (using AMQP_RABBITMQCTL command)

AMQP_RABBITMQCTL:

default: ‘sudo rabbitmqctl’

The source code is available in the mercurial repository at https://bitbucket.org/gocept/gocept.amqprun

Please report any bugs you find at https://bitbucket.org/gocept/gocept.amqprun/issues