Load configuration variables from a file or environment
Project description
Define configuration variables and load them from environment or JSON/YAML file. Also generates initial configuration files and documentation for your defined configuration.
Installation
pip install goodconf or pip install goodconf[yaml] if parsing/generating YAML files is required.
Quick Start
Let’s use configurable Django settings as an example.
First, create a conf.py file in your project’s directory, next to settings.py:
import base64
import os
from goodconf import GoodConf, Value
class Config(GoodConf):
"Configuration for My App"
DEBUG = Value(default=False, help="Toggle debugging.")
DATABASE_URL = Value(
default='postgres://localhost:5432/mydb',
help="Database connection.")
SECRET_KEY = Value(
initial=lambda: base64.b64encode(os.urandom(60)).decode(),
help="Used for cryptographic signing. "
"https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#secret-key")Next, use the config in your settings.py file:
import os
import dj_database_url
from .conf import Config
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
config = Config(
default_files=[
"/etc/myproject/myproject.yaml",
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "myproject.yaml"),
]
).load()
DEBUG = config.DEBUG
SECRET_KEY = config.SECRET_KEY
DATABASES = {"default": dj_database_url.parse(config.DATABASE_URL)}In your initial developer installation instructions, give some advice such as:
python -c "import myproject; print(myproject.config.generate_yaml(DEBUG=True))" > myproject.yamlUsage
GoodConf
Your subclassed GoodConf object can be initialized with the following keyword args:
- file_env_var
The name of an environment variable which can be used for the name of the configuration file to load.
- default_files
If no file is passed to the load method, try to load a configuration from these files in order.
- load
Trigger the load method during instantiation. Defaults to False.
Use plain-text docstring for use as a header when generating a configuration file.
Value
Declare configuration values by subclassing GoodConf and defining class attributes which are Value instances. They can be initialized with the following keyword args:
- default
Default value if none is provided. If left unset, loading a config that fails to provide this value will raise accept RequiredValueMissing exception.
- initial
Initial value to use when generating a config
- cast_as
Python type to cast variable as. Defaults to type of default (if provided) or str.
- help
Plain-text description of the value.
Django Usage
A helper is provided which monkey-patches Django’s management commands to accept a --config argument. Replace your manage.py with the following:
# Define your GoodConf in `myproject/__init__.py`
from myproject import config
if __name__ == '__main__':
config.django_manage()Why?
I took inspiration from logan (used by Sentry) and derpconf (used by Thumbor). Both, however used Python files for configuration. I wanted a safer format and one that was easier to serialize data into from a configuration management system.
Environment Variables
I don’t like working with environment variables. First, there are potential security issues:
Accidental leaks via logging or error reporting services.
Child process inheritance (see ImageTragick for an idea why this could be bad).
Second, in practice on deployment environments, environment variables end up getting written to a number of files (cron, bash profile, service definitions, web server config, etc.). Not only is it cumbersome, but also increases the possibility of leaks via incorrect file permissions.
I prefer a single structured file which is explicitly read by the application. I also want it to be easy to run my applications on services like Heroku where environment variables are the preferred configuration method.
This module let’s me do things the way I prefer in environments I control, but still run them with environment variables on environments I don’t control with minimal fuss.
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