HTTP/2 State-Machine based protocol implementation
Project description
This repository contains a pure-Python implementation of a HTTP/2 protocol stack. It’s written from the ground up to be embeddable in whatever program you choose to use, ensuring that you can speak HTTP/2 regardless of your programming paradigm.
You use it like this:
import h2.connection conn = h2.connection.H2Connection() conn.send_headers(stream_id=stream_id, headers=headers) conn.send_data(stream_id, data) socket.sendall(conn.data_to_send()) events = conn.receive_data(socket_data)
This repository does not provide a parsing layer, a network layer, or any rules about concurrency. Instead, it’s a purely in-memory solution, defined in terms of data actions and HTTP/2 frames. This is one building block of a full Python HTTP implementation.
To install it, just run:
pip install h2
Documentation
Documentation is available at http://python-hyper.org/h2/.
Contributing
hyper-h2 welcomes contributions from anyone! Unlike many other projects we are happy to accept cosmetic contributions and small contributions, in addition to large feature requests and changes.
Before you contribute (either by opening an issue or filing a pull request), please read the contribution guidelines.
License
hyper-h2 is made available under the MIT License. For more details, see the LICENSE file in the repository.
Release History
2.1.3 (2016-03-16)
Deprecations
Passing dictionaries to send_headers as the header block is deprecated, and will be removed in 3.0.
2.1.2 (2016-02-17)
Bugfixes
Reject attempts to push streams on streams that were themselves pushed: streams can only be pushed on streams that were initiated by the client.
Correctly allow CONTINUATION frames to extend the header block started by a PUSH_PROMISE frame.
Changed our handling of frames received on streams that were reset by the user.
Previously these would, at best, cause ProtocolErrors to be raised and the connection to be torn down (rather defeating the point of resetting streams at all) and, at worst, would cause subtle inconsistencies in state between hyper-h2 and the remote peer that could lead to header block decoding errors or flow control blockages.
Now when the user resets a stream all further frames received on that stream are ignored except where they affect some form of connection-level state, where they have their effect and are then ignored.
Fixed a bug whereby receiving a PUSH_PROMISE frame on a stream that was closed would cause a RST_STREAM frame to be emitted on the closed-stream, but not the newly-pushed one. Now this causes a ProtocolError.
2.1.1 (2016-02-05)
Bugfixes
Added debug representations for all events.
Fixed problems with setup.py that caused trouble on older setuptools/pip installs.
2.1.0 (2016-02-02)
API Changes (Backward-Compatible)
Added new field to DataReceived: flow_controlled_length. This is the length of the frame including padded data, allowing users to correctly track changes to the flow control window.
Defined new UnsupportedFrameError, thrown when frames that are known to hyperframe but not supported by hyper-h2 are received. For backward-compatibility reasons, this is a ProtocolError and a KeyError.
Bugfixes
Hyper-h2 now correctly accounts for padding when maintaining flow control windows.
Resolved a bug where hyper-h2 would mistakenly apply SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE to the connection flow control window in addition to the stream-level flow control windows.
Invalid Content-Length headers now throw ProtocolError exceptions and correctly tear the connection down, instead of leaving the connection in an indeterminate state.
Invalid header blocks now throw ProtocolError, rather than a grab bag of possible other exceptions.
2.0.0 (2016-01-25)
API Changes (Breaking)
Attempts to open streams with invalid stream IDs, either by the remote peer or by the user, are now rejected as a ProtocolError. Previously these were allowed, and would cause remote peers to error.
Receiving frames that have invalid padding now causes the connection to be terminated with a ProtocolError being raised. Previously these passed undetected.
Settings values set by both the user and the remote peer are now validated when they’re set. If they’re invalid, a new InvalidSettingsValueError is raised and, if set by the remote peer, a connection error is signaled. Previously, it was possible to set invalid values. These would either be caught when building frames, or would be allowed to stand.
Settings changes no longer require user action to be acknowledged: hyper-h2 acknowledges them automatically. This moves the location where some exceptions may be thrown, and also causes the acknowledge_settings method to be removed from the public API.
Removed a number of methods on the H2Connection object from the public, semantically versioned API, by renaming them to have leading underscores. Specifically, removed:
get_stream_by_id
get_or_create_stream
begin_new_stream
receive_frame
acknowledge_settings
Added full support for receiving CONTINUATION frames, including policing logic about when and how they are received. Previously, receiving CONTINUATION frames was not supported and would throw exceptions.
All public API functions on H2Connection except for receive_data no longer return lists of events, because these lists were always empty. Events are now only raised by receive_data.
Calls to increment_flow_control_window with out of range values now raise ValueError exceptions. Previously they would be allowed, or would cause errors when serializing frames.
API Changes (Backward-Compatible)
Added PriorityUpdated event for signaling priority changes.
Added get_next_available_stream_id function.
Receiving DATA frames on streams not in the OPEN or HALF_CLOSED_LOCAL states now causes a stream reset, rather than a connection reset. The error is now also classified as a StreamClosedError, rather than a more generic ProtocolError.
Receiving HEADERS or PUSH_PROMISE frames in the HALF_CLOSED_REMOTE state now causes a stream reset, rather than a connection reset.
Receiving frames that violate the max frame size now causes connection errors with error code FRAME_SIZE_ERROR, not a generic PROTOCOL_ERROR. This condition now also raises a FrameTooLargeError, a new subclass of ProtocolError.
Made NoSuchStreamError a subclass of ProtocolError.
The StreamReset event is now also fired whenever a protocol error from the remote peer forces a stream to close early. This is only fired once.
The StreamReset event now carries a flag, remote_reset, that is set to True in all cases where StreamReset would previously have fired (e.g. when the remote peer sent a RST_STREAM), and is set to False when it fires because the remote peer made a protocol error.
Hyper-h2 now rejects attempts by peers to increment a flow control window by zero bytes.
Hyper-h2 now rejects peers sending header blocks that are ill-formed for a number of reasons as set out in RFC 7540 Section 8.1.2.
Attempting to send non-PRIORITY frames on closed streams now raises StreamClosedError.
Remote peers attempting to increase the flow control window beyond 2**31 - 1, either by window increment or by settings frame, are now rejected as ProtocolError.
Local attempts to increase the flow control window beyond 2**31 - 1 by window increment are now rejected as ProtocolError.
The bytes that represent individual settings are now available in h2.settings, instead of needing users to import them from hyperframe.
Bugfixes
RFC 7540 requires that a separate minimum stream ID be used for inbound and outbound streams. Hyper-h2 now obeys this requirement.
Hyper-h2 now does a better job of reporting the last stream ID it has partially handled when terminating connections.
Fixed an error in the arguments of StreamIDTooLowError.
Prevent ValueError leaking from Hyperframe.
Prevent struct.error and InvalidFrameError leaking from Hyperframe.
1.1.1 (2015-11-17)
Bugfixes
Forcibly lowercase all header names to improve compatibility with implementations that demand lower-case header names.
1.1.0 (2015-10-28)
API Changes (Backward-Compatible)
Added a new ConnectionTerminated event, which fires when GOAWAY frames are received.
Added a subclass of NoSuchStreamError, called StreamClosedError, that fires when actions are taken on a stream that is closed and has had its state flushed from the system.
Added StreamIDTooLowError, raised when the user or the remote peer attempts to create a stream with an ID lower than one previously used in the dialog. Inherits from ValueError for backward-compatibility reasons.
Bugfixes
Do not throw ProtocolError when attempting to send multiple GOAWAY frames on one connection.
We no longer forcefully change the decoder table size when settings changes are ACKed, instead waiting for remote acknowledgement of the change.
Improve the performance of checking whether a stream is open.
We now attempt to lazily garbage collect closed streams, to avoid having the state hang around indefinitely, leaking memory.
Avoid further per-stream allocations, leading to substantial performance improvements when many short-lived streams are used.
1.0.0 (2015-10-15)
First production release!
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