a little orm
Project description
peewee
A small, expressive ORM
Written in python with support for versions 2.6+ and 3.2+.
built-in support for sqlite, mysql and postgresql
tons of extensions available in the playhouse (postgres hstore/json/arrays, sqlite full-text-search, schema migrations, and much more).
For flask integration, check out flask-peewee, which includes and admin interface, RESTful APIs, authentication, and more. You can also use peewee with the popular extension flask-admin.
Defining models is similar to Django or SQLAlchemy:
from peewee import *
db = SqliteDatabase('my_database.db', threadlocals=True)
class BaseModel(Model):
class Meta:
database = db
class User(BaseModel):
username = CharField(unique=True)
class Tweet(BaseModel):
user = ForeignKeyField(User, related_name='tweets')
message = TextField()
created_date = DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now)
is_published = BooleanField(default=True)
Connect to the database and create tables:
db.connect() db.create_tables([User, Tweet])
Create a few rows:
charlie = User.create(username='charlie') huey = User(username='huey') huey.save() # No need to set `is_published` or `created_date` since they # will just use the default values we specified. Tweet.create(user=charlie, message='My first tweet')
Queries are expressive and composable:
# A simple query selecting a user.
User.get(User.username == 'charles')
# Get tweets created by one of several users. The "<<" operator
# corresponds to the SQL "IN" operator.
usernames = ['charlie', 'huey', 'mickey']
users = User.select().where(User.username << usernames)
tweets = Tweet.select().where(Tweet.user << users)
# We could accomplish the same using a JOIN:
tweets = (Tweet
.select()
.join(User)
.where(User.username << usernames))
# How many tweets were published today?
tweets_today = (Tweet
.select()
.where(
(Tweet.created_date >= datetime.date.today()) &
(Tweet.is_published == True))
.count())
# Paginate the user table and show me page 3 (users 41-60).
User.select().order_by(User.username).paginate(3, 20)
# Order users by the number of tweets they've created:
tweet_ct = fn.Count(Tweet.id)
users = (User
.select(User, tweet_ct.alias('ct'))
.join(Tweet, JOIN_LEFT_OUTER)
.group_by(User)
.order_by(tweet_ct.desc()))
# Do an atomic update
Counter.update(count=Counter.count + 1).where(
Counter.url == request.url)
Check out the example app for a working Twitter-clone website written with Flask.
Learning more
Check the documentation for more examples.
Specific question? Come hang out in the #peewee channel on freenode.irc.net, or post to the mailing list, http://groups.google.com/group/peewee-orm . If you would like to report a bug, create a new issue on GitHub.
Still want more info?
Why does peewee exist?
peewee began when I was working on a small app in flask and found myself writing lots of queries and wanting a very simple abstraction on top of the sql. I had so much fun working on it that I kept adding features. peewee is small enough that its my hope anyone with an interest in orms will be able to understand the code without much trouble.
I hope you enjoy using peewee as much as I’ve enjoyed working on it!
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