Python Development Workflow for Humans.
Project description
Pipenv: Python Development Workflow for Humans
Pipenv is a tool that aims to bring the best of all packaging worlds (bundler, composer, npm, cargo, yarn, etc.) to the Python world. Windows is a first-class citizen, in our world.
It automatically creates and manages a virtualenv for your projects, as
well as adds/removes packages from your Pipfile as you
install/uninstall packages. It also generates the ever-important
Pipfile.lock, which is used to produce deterministic builds.
The problems that Pipenv seeks to solve are multi-faceted:
- You no longer need to use
pipandvirtualenvseparately. They work together. - Managing a
requirements.txtfile can be problematic, so Pipenv uses the upcomingPipfileandPipfile.lockinstead, which is superior for basic use cases. - Hashes are used everywhere, always. Security. Automatically expose security vulnerabilities.
- Give you insight into your dependency graph (e.g.
$ pipenv graph). - Streamline development workflow by loading
.envfiles.
You can quickly play with Pipenv right in your browser:
Table Of Contents
Installation
Pipenv can be installed with Python 3.7 and above.
If you're using Debian Buster+:
sudo apt install pipenv
Or, if you're using Fedora:
sudo dnf install pipenv
Or, if you're using FreeBSD:
pkg install py39-pipenv
Or, if you're using Gentoo:
sudo emerge pipenv
Or, if you're using Void Linux:
sudo xbps-install -S python3-pipenv
Or, if you're using Windows:
pip install --user pipenv
When none of the above is an option, it is recommended to use Pipx:
pipx install pipenv
Otherwise, refer to the documentation for instructions.
✨🍰✨
Features
- Enables truly deterministic builds, while easily specifying only what you want.
- Generates and checks file hashes for locked dependencies.
- Automatically install required Pythons, if
pyenvis available. - Automatically finds your project home, recursively, by looking for a
Pipfile. - Automatically generates a
Pipfile, if one doesn't exist. - Automatically creates a virtualenv in a standard location.
- Automatically adds/removes packages to a
Pipfilewhen they are un/installed. - Automatically loads
.envfiles, if they exist.
The main commands are install, uninstall, and lock, which
generates a Pipfile.lock. These are intended to replace
$ pip install usage, as well as manual virtualenv management (to
activate a virtualenv, run $ pipenv shell).
Basic Concepts
- A virtualenv will automatically be created, when one doesn't exist.
- When no parameters are passed to
install, all packages[packages]specified will be installed. - Otherwise, whatever virtualenv defaults to will be the default.
Other Commands
shellwill spawn a shell with the virtualenv activated.runwill run a given command from the virtualenv, with any arguments forwarded (e.g.$ pipenv run python).checkasserts that PEP 508 requirements are being met by the current environment.graphwill print a pretty graph of all your installed dependencies.
Shell Completion
To enable completion in fish, add this to your configuration ~/.config/fish/completions/pipenv.fish:
eval (env _PIPENV_COMPLETE=fish_source pipenv)
There is also a fish plugin, which will automatically activate your subshells for you!
Alternatively, with zsh, add this to your configuration ~/.zshrc:
eval "$(_PIPENV_COMPLETE=zsh_source pipenv)"
Alternatively, with bash, add this to your configuration ~/.bashrc or ~/.bash_profile:
eval "$(_PIPENV_COMPLETE=bash_source pipenv)"
Magic shell completions are now enabled!
Usage
$ pipenv --help
Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...
Options:
--where Output project home information.
--venv Output virtualenv information.
--py Output Python interpreter information.
--envs Output Environment Variable options.
--rm Remove the virtualenv.
--bare Minimal output.
--man Display manpage.
--support Output diagnostic information for use in
GitHub issues.
--site-packages / --no-site-packages
Enable site-packages for the virtualenv.
[env var: PIPENV_SITE_PACKAGES]
--python TEXT Specify which version of Python virtualenv
should use.
--clear Clears caches (pipenv, pip). [env var:
PIPENV_CLEAR]
-q, --quiet Quiet mode.
-v, --verbose Verbose mode.
--pypi-mirror TEXT Specify a PyPI mirror.
--version Show the version and exit.
-h, --help Show this message and exit.
Usage Examples:
Create a new project using Python 3.7, specifically:
$ pipenv --python 3.7
Remove project virtualenv (inferred from current directory):
$ pipenv --rm
Install all dependencies for a project (including dev):
$ pipenv install --dev
Create a lockfile containing pre-releases:
$ pipenv lock --pre
Show a graph of your installed dependencies:
$ pipenv graph
Check your installed dependencies for security vulnerabilities:
$ pipenv check
Install a local setup.py into your virtual environment/Pipfile:
$ pipenv install -e .
Use a lower-level pip command:
$ pipenv run pip freeze
Commands:
check Checks for PyUp Safety security vulnerabilities and against
PEP 508 markers provided in Pipfile.
clean Uninstalls all packages not specified in Pipfile.lock.
graph Displays currently-installed dependency graph information.
install Installs provided packages and adds them to Pipfile, or (if no
packages are given), installs all packages from Pipfile.
lock Generates Pipfile.lock.
open View a given module in your editor.
requirements Generate a requirements.txt from Pipfile.lock.
run Spawns a command installed into the virtualenv.
scripts Lists scripts in current environment config.
shell Spawns a shell within the virtualenv.
sync Installs all packages specified in Pipfile.lock.
uninstall Uninstalls a provided package and removes it from Pipfile.
update Runs lock, then sync.
verify Verify the hash in Pipfile.lock is up-to-date.
Locate the project:
$ pipenv --where
/Users/kennethreitz/Library/Mobile Documents/com~apple~CloudDocs/repos/kr/pipenv/test
Locate the virtualenv:
$ pipenv --venv
/Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre
Locate the Python interpreter:
$ pipenv --py
/Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-Skyy4vre/bin/python
Install packages:
$ pipenv install
Creating a virtualenv for this project...
...
No package provided, installing all dependencies.
Virtualenv location: /Users/kennethreitz/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-EJkjoYts
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock...
...
To activate this project's virtualenv, run the following:
$ pipenv shell
Installing from git:
You can install packages with pipenv from git and other version control systems using URLs formatted according to the following rule:
<vcs_type>+<scheme>://<location>/<user_or_organization>/<repository>@<branch_or_tag>#<package_name>
The only optional section is the @<branch_or_tag> section. When using git over SSH, you may use the shorthand vcs and scheme alias git+git@<location>:<user_or_organization>/<repository>@<branch_or_tag>#<package_name>. Note that this is translated to git+ssh://git@<location> when parsed.
Valid values for <vcs_type> include git, bzr, svn, and hg. Valid values for <scheme> include http,, https, ssh, and file. In specific cases you also have access to other schemes: svn may be combined with svn as a scheme, and bzr can be combined with sftp and lp.
Note that it is strongly recommended that you install any version-controlled dependencies in editable mode, using pipenv install -e, in order to ensure that dependency resolution can be performed with an up to date copy of the repository each time it is performed, and that it includes all known dependencies.
Below is an example usage which installs the git repository located at https://github.com/requests/requests.git from tag v2.19.1 as package name requests:
$ pipenv install -e git+https://github.com/requests/requests.git@v2.19#egg=requests
Creating a Pipfile for this project...
Installing -e git+https://github.com/requests/requests.git@v2.19.1#egg=requests...
[...snipped...]
Adding -e git+https://github.com/requests/requests.git@v2.19.1#egg=requests to Pipfile's [packages]...
[...]
You can read more about pip's implementation of vcs support here.
Install a dev dependency:
$ pipenv install pytest --dev
Installing pytest...
...
Adding pytest to Pipfile's [dev-packages]...
Show a dependency graph:
$ pipenv graph
requests==2.18.4
- certifi [required: >=2017.4.17, installed: 2017.7.27.1]
- chardet [required: >=3.0.2,<3.1.0, installed: 3.0.4]
- idna [required: >=2.5,<2.7, installed: 2.6]
- urllib3 [required: <1.23,>=1.21.1, installed: 1.22]
Generate a lockfile:
$ pipenv lock
Assuring all dependencies from Pipfile are installed...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Note: your project now has only default [packages] installed.
To install [dev-packages], run: $ pipenv install --dev
Install all dev dependencies:
$ pipenv install --dev
Pipfile found at /Users/kennethreitz/repos/kr/pip2/test/Pipfile. Considering this to be the project home.
Pipfile.lock out of date, updating...
Assuring all dependencies from Pipfile are installed...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Uninstall everything:
$ pipenv uninstall --all
No package provided, un-installing all dependencies.
Found 25 installed package(s), purging...
...
Environment now purged and fresh!
Use the shell:
$ pipenv shell
Loading .env environment variables...
Launching subshell in virtual environment. Type 'exit' or 'Ctrl+D' to return.
$ ▯
Documentation
Documentation resides over at pipenv.pypa.io.
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