plone.app.async 1.2

Plone 3

Use zope.app.keyreference

Plone 4

Use five.intid

Basic use

Assuming your setup is done correctly, you can start by obtaining the AsyncService utility:

>>> from zope.component import getUtility
>>> from plone.app.async.interfaces import IAsyncService
>>> async = getUtility(IAsyncService)
>>> async
<plone.app.async.service.AsyncService object at ...>

You can already get the zc.async queues:

>>> async.getQueues()
<zc.async.queue.Queues object at ...>

>>> import zc.async.dispatcher
>>> zc.async.dispatcher.get()
<zc.async.dispatcher.Dispatcher object at ...>
>>> queue = async.getQueues()['']
>>> queue
<zc.async.queue.Queue object at ...>

Let’s define a simple function to be executed asynchronously. Note that the first argument must be a valid Zope object:

>>> def addNumbers(context, x1, x2):
...     return x1+x2

and queue it:

>>> job = async.queueJob(addNumbers, self.folder, 40, 2)
>>> len(queue)
1
>>> job.status
u'pending-status'

In real life the job would be exectuted by the worker. In the tests we need to commit in order to let the dispatcher become aware of the job and execute it. Also we wait for the job to complete before continuing with the test.

>>> import transaction
>>> from zc.async.testing import wait_for_result
>>> transaction.commit()
>>> wait_for_result(job)
42

Batches of jobs

Let’s now try some jobs that create persistent objects. First define the tasks to be executed asynchronously:

>>> def createDocument(context, id, title, description, body):
...     context.invokeFactory('Document', id,
...         title=title, description=description, text=body)
...     return context[id].id

and

>>> from Products.CMFCore.utils import getToolByName
>>> def submitObject(context, id):
...     obj = context[id]
...     wt = getToolByName(context, 'portal_workflow')
...     wt.doActionFor(obj, 'submit')

Queue a job that creates a document and another that submits it:

>>> job = async.queueJob(createDocument, self.folder,
...     'foo', 'title', 'description', 'body')
>>> job2 = async.queueJob(submitObject, self.folder, 'foo')
>>> transaction.commit()

Because by default the jobs are executed with the default quota set to 1, (i.e. only one job can be executed at a time), jobs are executed serially and according to the order by which they were submitted. Hence, waiting for the job that submits the document implies that the one that created it has already been carried out.

>>> wait_for_result(job2)
>>> wt = getToolByName(self.folder, 'portal_workflow')
>>> doc = self.folder['foo']
>>> wt.getInfoFor(doc, 'review_state')
'pending'

You can also queue a batch of jobs to be executed serially as one job by use of queueSerialJobs:

>>> from plone.app.async.service import makeJob
>>> job = async.queueSerialJobs(
...     makeJob(createDocument, self.folder,
...             'bar', 'title', 'description', 'body'),
...     makeJob(submitObject, self.folder, 'bar'))
>>> transaction.commit()
>>> res = wait_for_result(job)
>>> res[0].result
'bar'
>>> res[1].status
u'completed-status'
>>> doc = self.folder['bar']
>>> wt.getInfoFor(doc, 'review_state')
'pending'

If you want to execute jobs in parallel, you can use queueParallelJobs.

Security and user permissions

When a job is queued by some user, it is also executed by the same user, with the same roles and permissions. So for instance:

>>> job = async.queueJob(createDocument, self.portal,
...     'foo', 'title', 'description', 'body')
>>> transaction.commit()

will fail as the user is not allowed to create content in the Plone root.

>>> wait_for_result(job)
<zc.twist.Failure AccessControl.unauthorized.Unauthorized>

Handling failure and success

If you need to act on the result of a job or handle a failure you can do so by adding callbacks. For instance,

>>> results = []
>>> def job_success_callback(result):
...     results.append("Success: %s"%result)
>>> job = async.queueJob(addNumbers, self.folder, 40, 2)
>>> c = job.addCallback(job_success_callback)
>>> transaction.commit()
>>> r = wait_for_result(job)
>>> results
['Success: 42']

Failures can be handled in the same way.

>>> results = []
>>> def failingJob(context):
...     raise RuntimeError("FooBared")
>>> def job_failure_callback(result):
...     results.append(result)
>>> job = async.queueJob(failingJob, self.folder)
>>> c = job.addCallbacks(failure=job_failure_callback)
>>> transaction.commit()
>>> r = wait_for_result(job)
>>> results
[<zc.twist.Failure exceptions.RuntimeError>]

It is also possible to handle all successful/failed jobs (for instance if you want to send an email upon failure) by subscribing to the respective event:

>>> def successHandler(event):
...     results.append(event.object)
>>> def failureHandler(event):
...     exc = event.object
...     results.append("%s: %s" % (exc.type, exc.value))
>>> from zope.component import provideHandler
>>> from plone.app.async.interfaces import IJobSuccess, IJobFailure
>>> provideHandler(successHandler, [IJobSuccess])
>>> provideHandler(failureHandler, [IJobFailure])
>>> results = []
>>> job1 = async.queueJob(addNumbers, self.folder, 40, 2)
>>> job2 = async.queueJob(failingJob, self.folder)
>>> transaction.commit()
>>> r = wait_for_result(job2)
>>> results
[42, 'exceptions.RuntimeError: FooBared']

Let’s clean up and unregister the success/failure handlers…

>>> from zope.component import getGlobalSiteManager
>>> gsm = getGlobalSiteManager()
>>> _ = gsm.unregisterHandler(successHandler, [IJobSuccess])
>>> _ = gsm.unregisterHandler(failureHandler, [IJobFailure])

1.2 - 2012-04-26

• Fix includes to work correctly with dexterity and to include simplejson. [vangheem]

• Change ping intervals to something more sane so it doesn’t take so long for your workers to come back online after restart. [vangheem]

1.1 - 2011-07-21

• Add MANIFEST.in. [WouterVH]

• Change zcml:condition for zope.(app.)keyreference to use the plone-4 feature. [vangheem]

• Always use loadZCMLFile in testcase layers to not break under Zope 2.13. [stefan]

• Avoid excessive ZODB growth by increasing the dispatcher ping intervals. https://mail.zope.org/pipermail/zope-dev/2011-June/043146.html [stefan]

1.0 - 2011-01-03

• Conditionally include zope.app.keyreference ZCML. [vangheem]

• Fix for async jobs started by anonymous user. [naro]

• Add full set of example buildouts. [stefan]

• Make tests pass under Plone 3 and 4. Exception representations have changed for some odd reason. [stefan]

1.0a6 - 2010-10-14

• First public release. [ggozad]

1.0a5 - 2010-10-14

• Instead of guessing where a userid may be coming from, record the path of the userfolder and use that to reinstate the user. [mj]

1.0a4 - 2010-09-09

• Use multi-db setup in tests to keep testcaselayer working as expected. [stefan, ggozad]

1.0a3 - 2010-09-01

• Separate helper function from test setup so it can be used in non-test code. [witsch]

1.0a2 - 2010-08-30

• Made separate zcml configurations for single/multi and instance/worker. [stefan, ggozad]

1.0a1 - 2010-08-25

• zc.async integration for Plone. Initial release. [ggozad, stefan]