A developer centric, performant Python web framework
Project description
Xpresso is an ASGI web framework built on top of Starlette, Pydantic and di, with heavy inspiration from FastAPI.
Some of the standout features are:
- ASGI support for high performance (within the context of Python web frameworks)
- OpenAPI documentation generation
- Automatic parsing and validation of request bodies and parameters, with hooks for custom extractors
- Full support for OpenAPI parameter serialization
- Highly typed and tested codebase with great IDE support
- A powerful dependency injection system, backed by di
Requirements
Python 3.7+
Installation
pip install xpresso
You'll also want to install an ASGI server, such as Uvicorn.
pip install uvicorn
Example
Create a file named example.py:
from pydantic import BaseModel
from xpresso import App, Path, FromPath, FromQuery
class Item(BaseModel):
item_id: int
name: str
async def read_item(item_id: FromPath[int], name: FromQuery[str]) -> Item:
return Item(item_id=item_id, name=name)
app = App(
routes=[
Path(
"/items/{item_id}",
get=read_item,
)
]
)
Run the application:
uvicorn example:app
Navigate to http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/123?name=foobarbaz in your browser. You will get the following JSON response:
{"item_id":123,"name":"foobarbaz"}
Now navigate to http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs to poke around the interactive Swagger UI documentation:
For more examples, tutorials and reference materials, see our documentation.
Inspiration and relationship to other frameworks
Xpresso is mainly inspired by FastAPI. FastAPI pioneered several ideas that are core to Xpresso's approach:
- Leverage Pydantic for JSON parsing, validation and schema generation.
- Leverage Starlette for routing and other low level web framework functionality.
- Provide a simple but powerful dependency injection system.
- Use that dependency injection system to provide extraction of request bodies, forms, query parameters, etc.
Xpresso takes these ideas and refines them by:
- Decoupling the dependency injection system from the request/response cycle, leading to an overall much more flexible and powerful dependency injection system, packaged up as the standalone di library. This is how Xpresso is able to provide dependency injection into the application lifespan and support for multiple dependency scopes.
- Making the extraction of data from requests an API available to other developers, enabling features like compatibility with libraries other than Pydantic or MessagePack support to be made available as 3rd party extensions instead of feature requests. All of this with full support for hooking into the OpenAPI documentation generation.
- Providing better support for
application/x-www-form-urlencodedandmultipart/form-datarequests by describing them with dataclasses or Pydantic models. This includes support for advanced use cases like extracting JSON from a form field. - Able to inject
Appor a custom subclass you use into your lifespan and endpoints instead of having to resort torequest.scope["app"]. - Better performance by implementing dependency resolution in Rust, executing dependencies concurrently and controlling threading of sync dependencies on a per-dependency basis.
- Allowing you to describe a single OpenAPI operation that accepts multiple content/types and extracting the right one based on headers
- Giving you the ability to access and modify responses from within dependencies, allowing you to replace timing, tracing and logging middleware (which is routing ¨naive) with routing aware dependencies. No more middleware that accepts a regex pattern of paths!
- Allowing dynamic building of security models triggered by lifespan events (you can load your Security model config from the environment at runtime).
- Use of
Annotated(PEP 593) instead of default values (param: str = Query(...)) which decouples the framework from Pydantic and enables a lot of the other features listed above and even allows you to make up your own markers to use if you make custom Binders. - Middleware on
Routerso that you can apply auth, logging or profiling to only some routes without resorting to regex path matching. - Support for lifespans on any
Routeror mountedApp(this silently fails in FastAPI and Starlette)
See this release on GitHub: v0.9.3
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